Airborne pathogens refer to microorganisms or infectious agents that can be spread through the air and cause respiratory infections or other illnesses when inhaled. Common airborne pathogens include viruses (such as influenza and COVID-19), bacteria (such as tuberculosis and Legionella), and fungi (such as Aspergillus). These pathogens can be transmitted through respiratory droplets, aerosols, or contaminated airborne particles in indoor or outdoor environments. Understanding and controlling the spread of airborne pathogens is important for preventing the spread of infectious diseases and protecting public health. Research in this area focuses on studying the transmission dynamics of airborne pathogens, developing effective prevention and control measures, and improving air quality in various settings such as hospitals, schools, and public spaces.